Thursday, December 26, 2019

The Impact Of Social Security On The Elderly Population

Social Security Name: Institution: Social Security Introduction 14th August 2015 marked the 80th anniversary after President Franklin Roosevelt signed the Social Security Act in the year 1935. The program has been important in alleviating poverty amongst the elderly population. However, the system has started to how its age. The OASID (Social Security and Disability Insurance Trust Funds) is presently running on cash deficit as the baby boomers retire. The DI (Disability Insurance) program has been running on deficits for several uses and has been predicted to exhausts the trust fund. The social security provides important income security to millions of the beneficiaries but is on towards insolvency. Presently, the Social Security program pays more in benefits that it is collecting in revenue and has been projected that the trusts funds will run out in the year 2033 (Bernan Press, 204). At this instance, all the beneficiaries regardless of income and age will face an immediate twenty-three percent benefits cut. The longer term OASI would need mo re than a 4 percent point rise in the payroll tax so as to close the gap in funding over the next 75 years or benefits would have to be reduced below the promised 27 percent level by the year 2090 (Bernan Press, 2014). The focus of the paper is on the issue of solvency of social security fund The Social Security run a seventy-one billion deficit in the year 2013 and this closed out four years of consecutiveShow MoreRelatedRetirement Is A Transitional Phase Associated With An Aging Population1692 Words   |  7 Pagestransitional phase associated with an aging population, along with unplanned changes such as disease, disability, and widowhood. Retirement is anticipated and planned for years in advance, however this does not happen as often anymore. 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Wednesday, December 18, 2019

Leadership Skills, Mentoring, And Cultural Activities

and younger students were present in the same classroom. Leadership skills, study skills, peer mentoring, and cultural activities was the curriculum. Transition Conferences Students in the ninth grade with the knowledge that transitioning from eighth grad to ninth grade posed a greater challenge for the first nation students. The purpose of these conferences is to prepare senior elementary school students for a successful transition to high school. Specific conference themes have stressed engagement in extracurricular activities, building confidence, and making positive choices. (Crooks, Chiodo, Thomas, 2010) Using the involvement of elders and guest speakers from the community to lead aboriginal cultural practices. Follow up work was given to the students and educators involved, and a youth liaison visited the school after the conference to conduct more follow up activities. To document the process a transition conference organizational manual was created. 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Tuesday, December 10, 2019

America In The 19Th Century Essay Example For Students

America In The 19Th Century Essay In colonial America, most manufacturing was done by hand in the home. Some was done in workshops attached to the home. As towns grew into cities, the demand for manufactured goods increased. Some workshop owners began hiring helpers to increase production. Relations between the employer and helper were generally harmonious. They worked side by side, had the same interests and similar political views. The factory system that began around 1800 brought great changes. The employer no longer worked beside his employees. He became an executive and a merchant who rarely saw his workers. He was concerned less with their welfare than with the cost of their labor. Many workers were angry about the changes brought by the factory system. In the past, they had taken great pride in their handicraft skills; now machines did practically all the work, and they were reduced to the status of common laborers. In bad times they could lose their jobs. Then workers who would accept lower wages might replace them. To skilled craft workers, the Industrial Revolution meant degradation rather than progress. The Industrial Revolution was dawning in the United States. At Lowell, Massachusetts, the construction of many mills and factories began in the early 1800s. Factory owners were in desperate need of workers, and as most jobs in these factories required neither great strength nor special skills. In turn the owners thought women could do the work as well as or better than men. In addition, they were more compliant. The New England region was home to many young, single farm girls who might be recruited. The only thing that hindered many from working was the belief that sooner or later factory workers would be exploited and would sink into hopeless poverty. Economic ?laws? would force them to work harder and harder for less and less pay. Factory workers were able to persuade the women to work by building decent houses for them to live and ?adult supervision? to look after them. They were encouraged to go to church, to read, to write and to attend lectures. They saved part of their earning s to help their families at home or to use when thy got married. Faced with growing competition, factory owners began to decrease wages in order to lower the cost-and the price-of finished products. They increased the number of machines that each girl had to operate. In addition, they began to overcrowd the houses in which the girls lived. All of this to save as much money as they could. This caused many to leave and others to hold protests or strikes. As the factory system grew, many workers began to form labor unions to protect their interests. Labors tactics in those early times were simple. Members of a union would agree on the wages they thought were fair. They pledged to stop working for employers who would not pay that amount. They also sought to compel employers to hire only union members. In the next few decades, unions campaigned for a 10-hour long working day and against child labor. Meanwhile trade unions were joining together in cities to form federations. A number of skilled trades organized national unions to try to improve their wages and working conditions. The efforts brought about many strikes and protests. It was a fact; things were changing in America. Some people liked it and others felt they were going to be ?thrown out? and de-skilled. Unions and protests proved to be successful in many cases but nothing could change the fact that this nation was involving to ?one large factory.?

Monday, December 2, 2019

Marie Winns 1977 book Essay Example

Marie Winns 1977 book Paper In this excerpt from Marie Winns 1977 book The Plug In Drug, Winn draws several parallels between drug or alcohol addiction and the television habit. Do you find Winns arguments to be persuasive? Why or why not? Television addiction is no laughing matter. According to author Marie Winn in her 1987 book Unplugging the Plug In Drug , television addiction should be viewed no differently than other serious addictions, such as drug addiction. When people become engaged in both activities their motivation is similar: pleasure and escapism. So why should a resultant addiction to both activities be any different?Although Winn makes several convincing arguments, television and drug use are ultimately not comparable due to their distinct effects on human lives. People indulge in drug use and television for similar reasons. Both activities offer an escape from daily life and a different experience of reality. Moreover, immersion in television and drugs can blot out the real world and allow for a pleasurable or indifferent state. Drugs provide a biological reinforcement of the activity and produces a pleasurable chemical response. Thus, people will repeat the activity.Television also provides a degree of reinforcement, or else people would not return to TV viewing again and again. We will write a custom essay sample on Marie Winns 1977 book specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Marie Winns 1977 book specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Marie Winns 1977 book specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Winns argument is compelling because she cites examples of people who become helpless to turn off the television. Even though they are ultimately dissatisfied by hours of viewing, they still fall into the same habit and return to viewing for its passive state. It is not necessarily pleasant, but it is not painful. It is a distraction from the difficulties of daily life. When people repeat escapist activities until they prefer an altered state to reality, they have become addicted. When they prefer one activity to all others it begins to impair their ability to function normally in society.This is true of any addiction, whether it is television or heroin. As a result, the addicts life becomes limited. As Winn puts it, the addict is living in a holding pattern. The addict no longer pursues other activities. However, Winns measuring stick for the impairment of addiction are productive hobbies. These might include reading or sewing. Why productive hobbies or pleasures are superior to nonproductive hobbies such as television or drugs is not clearly defined by Winn. Her point is still a valid one. Whenever a person dedicates themself to one particular purpose they are limiting their interests and experiences.There is no impetus for them to develop or diversify, as long as they find a superior pleasure in one pursuit. Sometimes the experience is not pleasure, but a passive state in which there is no motivation and no progress. The feeling that a person ought to do other things outside the benumbed practice of television viewing, but does not, indicates that peoples lives have been narrowed by their so-called addiction. Winn fails to be convincing when she goes on to further define addiction.She defines addiction not only as the desire to repeat an activity, but as the inability to be satiated by the activity upon repetition. Her argument is problematic because with drugs there is an initial guarantee of satisfaction and with television there is not. When you take a drug, there is a biological pleasure induced. It may require more each time to provide the same effect, but there is still a pleasurable experience. Televisions ability to produce pleasure is negligible. One rarely experiences a definite high from television. Unless you define addiction as a desire to achieve a state in which there is no pain, you cannot draw a comparison between television and drugs across the board.Winn does not define addiction as such. The adverse effects of an activity distinguishes it from a mere pleasure. These negative consequences characterize it as an addiction. This part of Winns definition is the most disputable. The negative effects of drugs do not compare to the negative effects of television. With drug addiction, there are definite physical harms involved. Drugs produce a state from which people cannot be sobered. Moreover, no one has ever died from a television overdose.The harms of drugs have been scientifically proven through health effects. The societal harms of drugs and television are also beyond comparison. Television has been known to cause domestic tension, but its adverse effects do not cause crime and death. The worst effects of television, according to Winn, is that it distorts time and may interfere with social relations. These worst consequences pale in comparison to the consequences of drug use. A significant element of Winns argument about the negative consequences of television addiction is that it blurs reality and that the viewer loses time. Winn overlooks that unlike drugs, a person can rouse themselves from the state of television viewing.Someone under the influence of drugs or alcohol cannot. Their impairment is physical. In addition to this, there are also physical side effects when a person curtails use of drugs. The addict becomes physically ill and unable to function normally. If a person who watches a lot of television ceases to do so, there are no such consequences. This is a crucial point, because Winn describes addiction as the inability to function normally without the activity to which one has become addicted. It would be interesting to learn in greater detail what Winn views as the negative or adverse effects of television addiction.She does not detail the impact the actual content television could have, in her chapter entitled Television Addiction. Certainly, one could see that televisions content could have an adverse impact on impressionable addicts, such as children. The act of viewing itself, not the content, is the focus of her analysis of the influence of television addiction. While some of the conditions of television addiction resemble those of drug addiction, it does not fully meet Winns criteria for addiction. She cannot give any concrete examples of televisions harms; she can only insist that it must be harmful.